Cephalometric Comparison of Frankforts Horizontal Plane And Occlusal Plane With Variations In Ala- Tragus Line.

The glossary of prosthodontic terms defines occlusal plane as an average plane established by the incisal and occlusal surfaces of the teeth. Generally, it is not a plane but represents the planar mean of the curvature of these surfaces. Another definition defines it as the surface of wax occlusion rims contoured to guide in the arrangement of denture teeth. Ala-tragus line according to the glossary of prosthodontic terms is defined as a line running from the inferior border of the ala of the nose to some defined point on the tragus of the ear, usually considered to be the tip of the tragus. It is frequently used, with a third point on the opposing tragus, for the purpose of establishing the ala-tragus plane. Ideally, the ala-tragus plane is considered to be parallel to the occlusal plane. The occlusal plane is at an angle of approximately 10 degrees relative to the Frankfort horizontal plane, when viewed in midsagittal plane. No precise, scientific method exists for determining the level of the occlusal plane in edentulous patients. Several principles have been postulated for determining the occlusal plane. The use of ala-tragus line to orient the occlusal plane has been controversial. This controversy is primarily due to disagreement on the exact point of reference for this line.Therefore the main objective of this study was to find out a reference line most parallel to the natural occlusal plane so that this reference point on the tragus can be used to determine the occlusal plane during the fabrication of complete denture

"A Microleakage Study of Class V Restorations Uisng Thee Self- Etching Adhesives And Microfill Conposite Resin- An Vitro Stereo Microscopic Study.

AIM: This study evaluates marginal sealing ability of currently available three self-etching adhesives in class V micro fill composite restorations. Materials and methods: Forty five human central incisors, divided in to three groups and class V cavities were prepared on the facial surface of teeth with occlusal margin in enamel and gingival margin in dentin/cementum. The cavities were restored with microfill composite in two increments using three different adhesives, Ader prompt (3M Dental products), AdheSE (Ivolar Vicadent) and I-Bond (Heraeus Kulzer). Each group containing fifteen teeth were subjected to thermocycling and dye penetration. The teeth were mlunted and sectioned buccolingually with a hard tissue microtome, the two sections from earch tooth obtained from the both mesial and distal acute angles of the cavity preparation, examined under stereomicrscope. The values were analyzed with Chi-Square test and Fisher exact. Results: The results show less leakage in enamel and dentin margin for AdheSE. This is significantly less than Adper Prompt an IBond which showed no statistically significant difference. Conclusion: At enamel and dentin/ Cementum margins, two step self etch adhesive AdheSE performed better than one step self etch adhesives Adper Prompt and I-Bond.

Clinical Management Of Radix Entomolaris And Radix Paramolaris In Endodontics- Case Reports.

Treatment of mandibular molars have always kept the endodontist sharp and alert as it is one of the teeth that show variations in its external and internal morphology to the extreme. This reaches its epitome in the presence of an additional root located lingually (the radix entomolaris) or buccally (the radix paramolaris). When present an awareness and understanding of this unusual root and its root canal morphology contributes to the successful outcome of root canal treatment. This report discusses endodontic treatment of two mandibular molars with a radix entomolaris or paramolaris. The prevalence, the external morphological variations and internal anatomy of the radix entomolaris and paramolaris are described.